KIR2DS2
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Contents |
Introduction
Ligands
Clinical correlations point to interaction of activating KIRs with HLA class I similar to those of inhibitory receptors. Nevertheless controlled studies of ligand-binding specifities did not provide reliable results (Abi-Rached, 2005). Similarity of the extracellular (ligand binding) domains of KIR2DS2 and KIR2DL2 would propose identical HLA-C ligands, but affinity of HLA-C to KIR2DS2 is very low, probably caused by single-amino acid substitutions(Abi-Rached, 2005; Vales-Gomez, 1998).
KIR2DS2 and diseases
Certain combinations of HLA-C with KIR2DS1 and KIR2DS2 appear to correlate with autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes, rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis (Martin, 2002; Yen, 2001; van der Slik, 2003).
Momot T et al. (2004) demonstrated tha the genetic combination of KIR2DS2+ and KIR2DL2- is associated with scleroderma: 12/102 patients with scleroderma, compared with only 2/100 blood donors, had KIR phenotypes characterized by the presence of the activating KIR2DS2 and the absence of the corresponding inactivating KIR2DL2. [1]
References
2005
Abi-Rached L, Parham P.
Natural selection drives recurrent formation of activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor and Ly49 from inhibitory homologues.
J Exp Med. 2005 Apr 18;201(8):1319-32. PMID: 15837816 NKref0434
2004
Momot T, Koch S, Hunzelmann N, Krieg T, Ulbricht K, Schmidt RE, Witte T
Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors with scleroderma.
Arthritis Rheum. 2004 May;50(5):1561-5. PMID: 15146426
Nikitina-Zake L, Rajalingham R, Rumba I, Sanjeevi CB.
Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Genes in Latvian Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Controls.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1037:161-9. PMID: 15699512
2003
van der Slik AR, Koeleman BP, Verduijn W, Bruining GJ, Roep BO, Giphart MJ.
KIR in type 1 diabetes: disparate distribution of activating and inhibitory natural killer cell receptors in patients versus HLA-matched control subjects.
Diabetes. 2003 Oct;52(10):2639-42. PMID: 14514651
2002
Martin MP, Nelson G, Lee JH, Pellett F, Gao X, Wade J, Wilson MJ, Trowsdale J, Gladman D, Carrington M.
Cutting edge: susceptibility to psoriatic arthritis: influence of activating killer Ig-like receptor genes in the absence of specific HLA-C alleles.
J Immunol. 2002 Sep 15;169(6):2818-22. PMID: 12218090
2001 and earlier
Yen JH, Moore BE, Nakajima T, Scholl D, Schaid DJ, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ.
Major histocompatibility complex class I-recognizing receptors are disease risk genes in rheumatoid arthritis.
J Exp Med. 2001 May 21;193(10):1159-67. PMID: 11369787
Vales-Gomez M, Reyburn HT, Erskine RA, Strominger J.
Differential binding to HLA-C of p50-activating and p58-inhibitory natural killer cell receptors.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 24;95(24):14326-31. PMID: 9826699
